Quantum Fund
Quantum Fund is one of the five hedge funds operated by the world's leading large-scale hedge fund, US financier George Soros. Quantum funds are high-risk funds, mainly borrowing in the world to invest in stocks, bonds, foreign exchange and commodities. Quantum funds are not registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, but are registered offshore at Curacao. It mainly to raise funds to raise funds. Soros named "quantum", is derived from the Soros appreciation of the German physicist, the founder of quantum mechanics Heisenberg proposed "uncertainty". Soros argues that as the physical quantum of a fine particle can not have a definite value, the stock market is often in an uncertain state and it is difficult to measure and estimate it accurately.
QuantumFund and QuotaFund are all hedge funds (HedgeFund). The former has a lever multiplier of eight times, up to 20 times, meaning that the latter's rate of return will be higher than the former, but the investment risk is also greater than the former, according to Micropal data, quantum fund risk fluctuations 6.54, while the quota fund is as high as 14.08.
Jim Rogers
Rogers was born in October 1942 in the southern United States, an ordinary family of Alabama, the father is a chemical plant engineer. Though at home
Rogers
Rogers
And did not engage in the financial industry, but Rogers and children's era Buffett through selling Coke to make money as small self-expression of a high investment talent. At the age of 5, Rogers got his first job - picking up bottles on a baseball field. Soon after, he won the franchise for the sale of beverages and peanuts in the game of the Junior Baseball Federation. The father lent $ 6 to the 6-year-old son to start the money to buy the necessary peanut baking machine. 5 years later, 11-year-old Rogers with their own labor income to pay off his father's "loan", and in the bank account deposit their own $ 100, a small age will be extraordinary.
He and his father with the $ 100 to the country to do speculative business, with the money to buy the price is growing soaring calves, and pay for farmers to keep these calves, hoping to sell the next year and sell a good price. As the purchase price is too high, the speculation failed. Until 20 years later, Rogers was able to understand the reasons for the failure of the book, because of the Korean War to make their investment in the calf by the price of the war after the fall of the swallowed.
Jim Rogers is the most chic one of the founders of the Quantum Fund, while investing around the world, he is known as the "father of the Austrian stock market."
Jim Rogers (Jim Rogers) is in 1997 to Southeast Asian countries, the "quantum fund" former partner, is an internationally renowned investment and finance professor. Has been Jon Train's "modern investment guru", Jack Schwager's "market wizards" and other famous years
Rogers
Rogers
record. Rogers is the Times, The Washington Post, The New York Times, Barron's, Forbes, Fortune, The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times is a longtime contributor.
In 1970 Rogers and Soros co-founded the quantum fund, has made remarkable achievements. Jim Rogers is both an outstanding investor and an excellent university teacher. From 1983 onwards, he opened the most popular senior securities analysis courses at Columbia University, and even after investing in bigmaker Buffett after listening to his class, but also repeatedly applauded. Buffett that Rogers on the market trend of grasp no one can and. Rogers also served as the host of CNBC's most popular program "Your Portfolio" by CNN.
The first global trip completed by Rogers in 1989-99 was recorded by the Guinness Book of World Records. As an internationally renowned investor, Rogers has invested in West Germany, Austria, Brazil, Singapore and other countries, was a great success. In 1989, Rogers spent the first time in global travel, investing in emerging countries in the world. In 1998 Rogers founded Rogers International Commodity Index (RICI), to November 2003
quantum
quantum
The index has risen by 117.46%, exceeding the major index over the same period. Rogers in 1999 when the second global travel, investment in Shanghai B shares, also received great success. Time (Time) said Rogers for the financial sector of Indiana Jones (the Indiana Jones of finance).
Rogers Raw Material Index RRMI was renamed the Rogers International Commodity Index (RICI). From the Rogers International Commodity Index (RICI) was founded to November 2003, the index has increased by 117.46%. The S & P 500 Index increased to -5.574% over the same period. Lehman Long Treasury Bond Index grew 49.30%. While the Rogers International Commodity Index grew more than other commodity indices, such as the Commodities Research Bureau Index, the Dow Jones-AIG Commodities Index, and the fastest growing commodity index.
Development Overview
Soros is the chairman of the board of directors of the LCC Soros Fund, and the private investment management office confirms it as a consultant to the Quantum Fund Group. The Quantum Fund is the oldest and largest fund in the Rogers Quantum Group and is generally considered to have the best performance in any of its 28 years of history in any investment fund around the world.
Quantum funds evolved from the Double Eagle Fund. In 1973, Soros renamed the company and changed it to Quantum Company, which was founded in 1969 by Soros and Jim Rogers, with a capital of $ 4 million. In 1973, the Saurus and Jim Rogers were renamed the Soros Fund with a capital of about $ 12 million. The The fund is set up in New York and its investors are foreign investors who are not US citizens, thus avoiding the supervision of the US Securities and Exchange Commission. Quantum funds invest in commodities, foreign exchange, stocks and bonds, and extensive use of financial derivatives and leveraged financing, engaged in a full range of international financial operations. Soros, with its extraordinary analytical skills and courage, led the quantum fund in the world financial markets again and again to climb and dilapidated gradually grow. He has repeatedly foreseen the extraordinary growth potential of an industry and company, resulting in excess returns in the rise of these stocks. Even in the bear market decline in the market, Soros also with its superb short selling skills and make money. After less than 30 years of operation, by the end of 1997, Quantum Fund has added value to nearly $ 6 billion worth of giant funds. The $ 10,000 that was injected into the Quantum Fund in 1969 had increased to $ 15 million at the end of 1996, an increase of 149 times.
Quantum funds, although only $ 6 billion in assets, but because of its needs can be leveraged financing and other means to achieve the equivalent of tens of billions or even hundreds of billions of funds investment effect, and thus become an important force in the international financial markets. Several of the serious currency crises that took place in the 1990s were directly responsible for Soros and its quantum funds.
Quantum funds are high-risk funds, mainly borrowing in the world to invest in stocks, bonds, foreign exchange and commodities. The Quantum Dollar Fund is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which is principally engaged in raising funds. It is said that Soros named "quantum", is derived from Soros appreciated by a German physicist, the founder of quantum mechanics Heisenberg put forward the "uncertainty principle." Soros argues that as the physical quantum of a fine particle can not have a definite value, the stock market is often in an uncertain state and it is difficult to measure and estimate it accurately.
Cause a crisis
Quantum funds have become the focus of the international financial community, is due to the fund in the 20th century, 90 years by the Fund launched several large-scale currency sniper war. During this period, the Quantum Fund with its strong financial and vicious style, in the international money market stir up trouble, the basis of weak currency attack and often succeeded.
Europe
In Europe, the British pound crisis and the Italian lira crisis. In the early 1990s, the British pound exchange rate was artificially fixed at a high level, triggering international currency speculators, the quantum fund took the lead in the market, the large-scale sale of sterling and buy the German mark. The Bank of England, although the strong threw out the German mark to buy pounds and with the measures to raise interest rates, still lost to the quantum fund attack and retreated, the pound was forced to withdraw from the European currency exchange rate system and free float, just a month sterling exchange rate Fell 20%, while the Quantum Fund in this pound crisis to get hundreds of millions of dollars of profits. Prior to this, the Italian Lira also suffered the same fate, the same quantum fund also played a leading role.
America
In the Americas, the Mexican financial crisis. In 1994, Soros's Quantum Fund attacked the Mexican peso. Mexico's benign economic growth before 1994 was based on over-reliance on short-term foreign-funded loans. In order to control domestic inflation, the peso exchange rate was overvalued and linked to the dollar. By the quantum fund launched by the peso attack, so that the Mexican foreign exchange reserves in a short period of time exhausted, had to give up the dollar linked to the implementation of free floating, resulting in the Mexican peso and the domestic stock market crash, and quantum funds in the crisis The income is not cheap.
Asia
In Asia, the financial crisis in Southeast Asia began in 1997. Like many Mexican countries in 1994, many Southeast Asian countries, such as Thailand, Malaysia and South Korea, have long relied on short-term foreign loans to maintain a balance of payments, with high exchange rates and mostly fixed or linked exchange rates with US dollars or a basket of currencies, Money provides a good chance of hunting. Quantum funds played the role of a sniper, starting from a large number of short baht, forcing Thailand to abandon the long-standing fixed exchange rate linked to the dollar and the implementation of free float, which triggered an unprecedented financial crisis in Thailand. The crisis soon spread to all countries and regions where currency is freely convertible in Southeast Asia, forcing all the major currencies of Southeast Asia in addition to Hong Kong dollars in the short term. Southeast Asian countries, the collapse of the monetary system and the stock market and the resulting large foreign retreat and the enormous pressure of domestic inflation, to the region's economic development cast a shadow.
The end
In the past 31 and a half years of history, the average return on quantum funds as high as 30% or more, the quantum fund is also brilliant. However, since 1998, investment failures have resulted in significant losses in quantum funds.
First, Soros on the 1998 debt crisis in Russia and the yen exchange rate movements of the wrong judgments to quantum funds suffered heavy losses, after investing in US stock market shares also fell sharply. At this point, Soros Quantum Fund loss totaled nearly 50 billion US dollars, quantum fund strength hurt. April 28, 2000, Soros had to announce the closure of its two funds "Quantum Fund" and "quota funds", fund managers Drucken Miller and Roddy "get out of class".
Quantum Fund, the world-famous hedge fund, has come to an end. At the same time, Soros announced that some of the fund's assets were transferred to the newly established "Quantum Donation Fund" to continue operations; he stressed that the "Quantum Donation Fund" will change the investment strategy, mainly engaged in low-risk, low-return arbitrage transactions.
QuantumFund and QuotaFund are all hedge funds (HedgeFund). The former has a lever multiplier of eight times, up to 20 times, meaning that the latter's rate of return will be higher than the former, but the investment risk is also greater than the former, according to Micropal data, quantum fund risk fluctuations 6.54, while the quota fund is as high as 14.08.
Jim Rogers
Rogers was born in October 1942 in the southern United States, an ordinary family of Alabama, the father is a chemical plant engineer. Though at home
Rogers
Rogers
And did not engage in the financial industry, but Rogers and children's era Buffett through selling Coke to make money as small self-expression of a high investment talent. At the age of 5, Rogers got his first job - picking up bottles on a baseball field. Soon after, he won the franchise for the sale of beverages and peanuts in the game of the Junior Baseball Federation. The father lent $ 6 to the 6-year-old son to start the money to buy the necessary peanut baking machine. 5 years later, 11-year-old Rogers with their own labor income to pay off his father's "loan", and in the bank account deposit their own $ 100, a small age will be extraordinary.
He and his father with the $ 100 to the country to do speculative business, with the money to buy the price is growing soaring calves, and pay for farmers to keep these calves, hoping to sell the next year and sell a good price. As the purchase price is too high, the speculation failed. Until 20 years later, Rogers was able to understand the reasons for the failure of the book, because of the Korean War to make their investment in the calf by the price of the war after the fall of the swallowed.
Jim Rogers is the most chic one of the founders of the Quantum Fund, while investing around the world, he is known as the "father of the Austrian stock market."
Jim Rogers (Jim Rogers) is in 1997 to Southeast Asian countries, the "quantum fund" former partner, is an internationally renowned investment and finance professor. Has been Jon Train's "modern investment guru", Jack Schwager's "market wizards" and other famous years
Rogers
Rogers
record. Rogers is the Times, The Washington Post, The New York Times, Barron's, Forbes, Fortune, The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times is a longtime contributor.
In 1970 Rogers and Soros co-founded the quantum fund, has made remarkable achievements. Jim Rogers is both an outstanding investor and an excellent university teacher. From 1983 onwards, he opened the most popular senior securities analysis courses at Columbia University, and even after investing in bigmaker Buffett after listening to his class, but also repeatedly applauded. Buffett that Rogers on the market trend of grasp no one can and. Rogers also served as the host of CNBC's most popular program "Your Portfolio" by CNN.
The first global trip completed by Rogers in 1989-99 was recorded by the Guinness Book of World Records. As an internationally renowned investor, Rogers has invested in West Germany, Austria, Brazil, Singapore and other countries, was a great success. In 1989, Rogers spent the first time in global travel, investing in emerging countries in the world. In 1998 Rogers founded Rogers International Commodity Index (RICI), to November 2003
quantum
quantum
The index has risen by 117.46%, exceeding the major index over the same period. Rogers in 1999 when the second global travel, investment in Shanghai B shares, also received great success. Time (Time) said Rogers for the financial sector of Indiana Jones (the Indiana Jones of finance).
Rogers Raw Material Index RRMI was renamed the Rogers International Commodity Index (RICI). From the Rogers International Commodity Index (RICI) was founded to November 2003, the index has increased by 117.46%. The S & P 500 Index increased to -5.574% over the same period. Lehman Long Treasury Bond Index grew 49.30%. While the Rogers International Commodity Index grew more than other commodity indices, such as the Commodities Research Bureau Index, the Dow Jones-AIG Commodities Index, and the fastest growing commodity index.
Development Overview
Soros is the chairman of the board of directors of the LCC Soros Fund, and the private investment management office confirms it as a consultant to the Quantum Fund Group. The Quantum Fund is the oldest and largest fund in the Rogers Quantum Group and is generally considered to have the best performance in any of its 28 years of history in any investment fund around the world.
Quantum funds evolved from the Double Eagle Fund. In 1973, Soros renamed the company and changed it to Quantum Company, which was founded in 1969 by Soros and Jim Rogers, with a capital of $ 4 million. In 1973, the Saurus and Jim Rogers were renamed the Soros Fund with a capital of about $ 12 million. The The fund is set up in New York and its investors are foreign investors who are not US citizens, thus avoiding the supervision of the US Securities and Exchange Commission. Quantum funds invest in commodities, foreign exchange, stocks and bonds, and extensive use of financial derivatives and leveraged financing, engaged in a full range of international financial operations. Soros, with its extraordinary analytical skills and courage, led the quantum fund in the world financial markets again and again to climb and dilapidated gradually grow. He has repeatedly foreseen the extraordinary growth potential of an industry and company, resulting in excess returns in the rise of these stocks. Even in the bear market decline in the market, Soros also with its superb short selling skills and make money. After less than 30 years of operation, by the end of 1997, Quantum Fund has added value to nearly $ 6 billion worth of giant funds. The $ 10,000 that was injected into the Quantum Fund in 1969 had increased to $ 15 million at the end of 1996, an increase of 149 times.
Quantum funds, although only $ 6 billion in assets, but because of its needs can be leveraged financing and other means to achieve the equivalent of tens of billions or even hundreds of billions of funds investment effect, and thus become an important force in the international financial markets. Several of the serious currency crises that took place in the 1990s were directly responsible for Soros and its quantum funds.
Quantum funds are high-risk funds, mainly borrowing in the world to invest in stocks, bonds, foreign exchange and commodities. The Quantum Dollar Fund is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which is principally engaged in raising funds. It is said that Soros named "quantum", is derived from Soros appreciated by a German physicist, the founder of quantum mechanics Heisenberg put forward the "uncertainty principle." Soros argues that as the physical quantum of a fine particle can not have a definite value, the stock market is often in an uncertain state and it is difficult to measure and estimate it accurately.
Cause a crisis
Quantum funds have become the focus of the international financial community, is due to the fund in the 20th century, 90 years by the Fund launched several large-scale currency sniper war. During this period, the Quantum Fund with its strong financial and vicious style, in the international money market stir up trouble, the basis of weak currency attack and often succeeded.
Europe
In Europe, the British pound crisis and the Italian lira crisis. In the early 1990s, the British pound exchange rate was artificially fixed at a high level, triggering international currency speculators, the quantum fund took the lead in the market, the large-scale sale of sterling and buy the German mark. The Bank of England, although the strong threw out the German mark to buy pounds and with the measures to raise interest rates, still lost to the quantum fund attack and retreated, the pound was forced to withdraw from the European currency exchange rate system and free float, just a month sterling exchange rate Fell 20%, while the Quantum Fund in this pound crisis to get hundreds of millions of dollars of profits. Prior to this, the Italian Lira also suffered the same fate, the same quantum fund also played a leading role.
America
In the Americas, the Mexican financial crisis. In 1994, Soros's Quantum Fund attacked the Mexican peso. Mexico's benign economic growth before 1994 was based on over-reliance on short-term foreign-funded loans. In order to control domestic inflation, the peso exchange rate was overvalued and linked to the dollar. By the quantum fund launched by the peso attack, so that the Mexican foreign exchange reserves in a short period of time exhausted, had to give up the dollar linked to the implementation of free floating, resulting in the Mexican peso and the domestic stock market crash, and quantum funds in the crisis The income is not cheap.
Asia
In Asia, the financial crisis in Southeast Asia began in 1997. Like many Mexican countries in 1994, many Southeast Asian countries, such as Thailand, Malaysia and South Korea, have long relied on short-term foreign loans to maintain a balance of payments, with high exchange rates and mostly fixed or linked exchange rates with US dollars or a basket of currencies, Money provides a good chance of hunting. Quantum funds played the role of a sniper, starting from a large number of short baht, forcing Thailand to abandon the long-standing fixed exchange rate linked to the dollar and the implementation of free float, which triggered an unprecedented financial crisis in Thailand. The crisis soon spread to all countries and regions where currency is freely convertible in Southeast Asia, forcing all the major currencies of Southeast Asia in addition to Hong Kong dollars in the short term. Southeast Asian countries, the collapse of the monetary system and the stock market and the resulting large foreign retreat and the enormous pressure of domestic inflation, to the region's economic development cast a shadow.
The end
In the past 31 and a half years of history, the average return on quantum funds as high as 30% or more, the quantum fund is also brilliant. However, since 1998, investment failures have resulted in significant losses in quantum funds.
First, Soros on the 1998 debt crisis in Russia and the yen exchange rate movements of the wrong judgments to quantum funds suffered heavy losses, after investing in US stock market shares also fell sharply. At this point, Soros Quantum Fund loss totaled nearly 50 billion US dollars, quantum fund strength hurt. April 28, 2000, Soros had to announce the closure of its two funds "Quantum Fund" and "quota funds", fund managers Drucken Miller and Roddy "get out of class".
Quantum Fund, the world-famous hedge fund, has come to an end. At the same time, Soros announced that some of the fund's assets were transferred to the newly established "Quantum Donation Fund" to continue operations; he stressed that the "Quantum Donation Fund" will change the investment strategy, mainly engaged in low-risk, low-return arbitrage transactions.
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